Introduction
The appearance of cracks in a home is one of the problems that generates the most concern among owners, and rightly so. However, it is fundamental to understand that not all cracks are the same nor do they all represent a structural danger.
Types of Cracks: Fissures vs. Structural Cracks
Superficial Fissures
Fissures are breaks in the coating (paint, plaster) with an opening of less than 1mm. They are generally caused by:
- Temperature and humidity changes
- Normal building movements
- Defects in the application of the finish
- Material shrinkage during drying
These fissures, although unsightly, do not compromise the structural safety of the property.
Structural Cracks
Structural cracks are openings of more than 1mm that go through the entire thickness of the constructive element (wall, slab, beam). They are much more worrying because they can indicate:
- Foundation problems (differential settlements)
- Overloads not foreseen in the original calculation
- Serious defects in the execution of the structure
- Degradation of materials due to corrosion or deterioration
Warning Signs: When to Worry
You should request an urgent expert report if you observe:
- Diagonal cracks in the corners of walls or in the form of stairs following the brick joints
- Horizontal cracks at the base of walls (may indicate ground thrust)
- Cracks that increase in size over time (active cracks)
- Cracks that go through the entire thickness of the wall (visible on both faces)
- Cracks accompanied by other symptoms such as doors that do not close, uneven floors or detachments
The Importance of a Professional Diagnosis
A structural expert can:
- Determine if the crack is superficial or structural
- Identify the root cause of the problem (foundation, overloads, construction defects)
- Evaluate if there is a risk to the safety of the occupants
- Propose appropriate technical solutions (reinforcements, micropiles, injections)
- Quantify the cost of repair for a claim
Conclusion
When in doubt, it is always better to be safe than sorry. An early expert report can prevent a minor problem from turning into a serious structural danger or a costly repair.
Do you have cracks in your home and don't know if they are worrying? Contact us immediately to assess your case.